Product Monograph - Odan Proctomyxin Hc
ACTIONS AND CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY
Framycetin sulfate, also known as neomycin B, is an aminoglycoside antibiotic which forms the major component of neomycin sulfate and has similar actions and uses.
Aminoglycosides are taken up into sensitive bacterial cells by an active transport process which is inhibited in anærobic, acidic, or hyperosmolar environments. Within the cell, they bind to the 30S and to some extent to the 50S subunits of the bacterial ribosome, inhibiting protein synthesis and generating errors in the transcription of the genetic code. The manner in which cell death is brought about is imperfectly understood, and other mechanisms may contribute, including effects on membrane permeability.
In general, neomycin is active against many ærobic gram-negative bacteria and some aerobic gram-positive bacteria. Bacterial strains susceptible to neomycin include: Escherichia coli, Hæmophilus influenzæ, Moraxella lacunata, indole-positive and indole-negative Proteus, Staphylococcus aureus, S. epidermidis and Serratia. Neomycin is only minimally active against streptococci. Pseudomonas æruginosa is generally resistant to the drug. The drug is inactive against fungi, viruses, and most anærobic bacteria.
Natural and acquired resistance to neomycin have been demonstrated in both gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. There is partial cross-resistance between neomycin and other aminoglycosides; cross-resistance occurs frequently between kanamycin, neomycin and paromomycin.
Hydrocortisone is the main glucocorticoid secreted by the adrenal cortex. Whereas cortisone must be converted in the liver to hydrocortisone, hydrocortisone is already pharmacologically active.
When it is administered by topical application or as a rectal enema, sufficient hydrocortisone may be absorbed to give systemic effects. Factors that may influence absorption include the site of application and the degree of skin damage.
Corticosteroids in the circulation are extensively bound to plasma proteins, mainly to globulin and to a lesser extent albumin. The corticosteroid binding globulin has a high affinity but a low binding capacity, while the albumin has a low affinity but a high binding capacity. Only unbound corticosteroid has pharmacological effects or is metabolized. Corticosteroids are metabolized mainly in the liver but also in the kidney, and are excreted in the urine.
Cinchocaine is a local anesthetic of the amide type with a long duration of action. It is used topically for the temporary relief of pain, itching and burning caused by hemorrhoids.
Local anesthetics are weak bases and at tissue pH can diffuse through connective tissue and cellular membranes to reach the nerve fibre where ionization can occur.
Most local anesthetics are readily absorbed through mucous membranes and through damaged skin.
Amide-type anesthetics are metabolized in the liver and, in some cases, the kidneys; they are considerably protein-bound.
Local anesthetics act by preventing generation and transmission of impulses along nerve fibres and at nerve endings; depolarization and ion-exchange are inhibited. The effects are reversible. The lipid-soluble anesthetic base must penetrate the lipoprotein nerve sheath before it can act. The effectiveness of an anesthetic depends on the concentration attained at the nerve fibre. There is a latent period before the onset of action which varies according to the agent used, the concentration used and the method of administration.
INDICATIONS
The reduction of swelling, pain and inflammation of hemorrhoids and other rectal lesions. The management of acute and chronic nonspecific proctitis, acute internal hemorrhoids, cryptitis, fissures and incomplete fistulas, internal and external pruritus ani. May be used in pre- and postoperative hemorrhoidectomy and repair of fissures.
Odan Proctomyxin HC and Odan Proctomyxin HC Suppositories contains an antibacterial ingredient, framycetin. To reduce the development of drug-resistant bacteria and maintain the effectiveness of framycetin, Odan Proctomyxin HC and Odan Proctomyxin HC Suppositories should only be used for the authorized indication and clinical use.
CONTRAINDICATIONS
Hydrocortisone must not be used in the presence of tuberculosis, fungal and viral infections. Sensitivity to any of the components.
PRECAUTIONS
Discontinue use if sensitization occurs. Hydrocortisone should not be used until an adequate proctologic examination is completed and a diagnosis made. Other specific measures against infections, allergy, and other causal factors must not be neglected. The possibility, however rare, that prolonged use of this preparation might produce systemic corticosteroid effects, should be borne in mind. Patients should be advised to inform subsequent physicians of the previous use of hydrocortisone.
The safe use of topical corticosteroids during pregnancy has not been fully established. Therefore, during pregnancy, they should not be used unnecessarily on extended areas, in large amounts or for prolonged periods of time.
Susceptibility/Resistance
Development of Drug Resistant Bacteria
Prescribing Odan Proctomyxin HC and Odan Proctomyxin HC Suppositories in the absence of the authorized indications is unlikely to provide benefit to the patient and risks the development of drug-resistant bacteria.
ADVERSE EFFECTS
Certain patients may experience the following adverse effects:
Gastrointestinal disorders: anal pruritus, anorectal discomfort, proctalgia.
General disorders and administration site conditions: burning, irritation and pain at the application site.
Immune system disorders: hypersensitivity manifested as pruritus, rash and/or urticaria.
DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION
Ointment: For external treatment: apply a small quantity morning and evening and after each bowel movement to the affected area. For internal application: attach rectal cannula to tube, insert to full extent and squeeze tube gently from lower end while withdrawing.
Suppositories: One suppository morning and evening and after each bowel movement.
AVAILABILITY OF DOSAGE FORMS
Suppositories: Each rectal suppository contains: hydrocortisone 5 mg (0.5%), framycetin sulfate 10 mg (1%, equivalent to 7 mg of framycetin base), cinchocaine hydrochloride 5 mg (0.5%), esculin 10 mg (1%). Available in boxes of 12, individually wrapped in aluminum foil shells.
Store between 15 and 25°C.
Ointment: Each gram contains: hydrocortisone 5 mg (0.5%), framycetin sulfate 10 mg (1%, equivalent to 7 mg of framycetin base), cinchocaine hydrochloride 5 mg (0.5%), esculin 10 mg (1%). Also contains 10% w/w anhydrous lanolin. Tubes of 15 and 30 g with rectal cannula.
Store between 15 and 30ºC
REFERENCES
Aptalis Pharma Canada ULC. Prescribing Information: PROCTOSEDYL® (Hydrocortisone BP, Framycetin sulfate BP, Cinchocaine hydrochloride BP, Aesculin), ointment / suppositories. Control Number: 216051, Date of Revision: August 10, 2018.